How large would a space station have to be to hold one million people indefinitely?
A moon-sized asteroid approaches Earth in the near future, where space tourism has become normal. The Earth has a few satellite structures above Mars conducting research, as well as successful terraformed farmland on the surface. Going into a suborbital space to experience zero gravity for a few minutes costs about as much as a plane trip across country today. In this scenario we have developed the technology to support megastructures in space, and need for farm land has pushed artificial farming to where we only need 1/4 the amount of land to grow the same amount of food.
The world comes together and decides that they should make an attempt to save at least one million people by migrating them into an orbital space station. The space station should be able to travel from orbit to Mars where it could link up with the Martian Base, in a worse case scenario where the asteroid causes variance to the gravity of the planet.
Accounting for fuel, engines, rockets, farmland, water, living spaces, hospitals, waste management, etc. how large would this space station have to be? I am looking for an estimate, I realize an actual square footage is next to impossible.
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