Why might humans abandon the surface of their planet in favor of a subterranean existence?

In a future with great scientific advancements in architecture, engineering and science (where all three work together to create solutions to many problems that city planners, architects and civil engineers face today) is it possible that a society could live in a large hole, mineshaft or cave? More specifically to the world I am currently building, would an enormous skylight that essentially covers the 'mouth' of the hole provide ample light and life to the people living in the city bellow?

I am after a semi-rational scientific explanation as to why humans have looked underground as a solution to earth's surface becoming unliveable.

With the light of a skylight, some way to produce food/water would this make logical sense for a society that has long abandoned the dream of finding a habitable planet in the cosmos to move to?

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Why might humans abandon the surface of their planet in favor of a subterranean existence?

I am after a semi-rational scientific explanation as to why humans have looked underground as a solution to earth's surface becoming unliveable.

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