Earth where all of Equidae went extinct via Ice Age... - Effects
Assuming that all Equidae went extinct at around the same time as the American Equidae on OTL (Original TimeLine) Earth, 8000 BCE, and in the same way, via Ice Age... What would have changed for early human civilization?
Info on horse extinction in Americas (OTL):
This question should be different from my other question, due the whole Equidae disappearing, instead of just horses.:
The entire Equidae family? That includes horses, donkeys, and zebras. "“ Frostfyre
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Civilizations without mounted cavalry are less likely to develop trousers. (See "Q: Why Do We Wear Pants? A: Horses" by Alexis Madrigal and "Cultural Evolution of Pants" by Peter Turchin.) So you'd have more cultures where men wear the kilt or a long tunic, even if only because it improves their sperm quality. (See "'Real men wear kilts'.. The anecdotal evidence that wearing a Scottish kilt has influence on reproductive potential: how much is true?" by Erwin JO Kompanje if you are affiliated with an institution that gets Scottish Medical Journal.)
The rest depends on whether they invent the wheel. Assuming oxen or dogs or both exist, you still have draft animals, and civilization can develop in spite of a nail.
"Cow goes moo." If you have oxen pulling carts, you have roads. If you have carts and roads, you are likely to eventually end up with someone riding essentially the left or right half of a cart. This becomes the running machine (which came to be called a "dandy horse", "velocipede", or "balance bicycle"), and adding a crank on a chain drive transforms this into a bicycle. With bicycles, the rate of sustained land travel rises to 25 km/h or 15 mph.
"Dog goes woof." If you have dogs pulling sulkies (two-wheeled carts), you have roads. Adapting these to dogless operation (under human, fossil fuel, ethanol, vegetable oil, or electric power) produces the diwheel. You could even end up with a "dogless sulky" used as a tractor to pull carts. Compare the "horseless sulky" photo in "18 Hilarious Modes of Transport Science Gave Up On Too Soon" by Chris Bucholz. There are dog substitutes as well: for example, deer pull sleds in Lapland in much the same way that dogs pull sleds in the North American Arctic.
"And the seal goes ow ow ow." People in your timeline never had the chance to domesticate Equidae. People in our timeline never had the chance to domesticate other families. Perhaps in your timeline, proboscids such as the mastodon and woolly mammoth were domesticated like Earth elephants instead of being hunted to extinction. Seals are related to dogs and cats, two carnivorans that humans have domesticated. People in polar areas could domesticate seals, which could be very slow (they creep on their bellies) but suitable for pulling heavy loads.
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