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Q&A

General Q&A about worldbuilding and other speculative developments that can be extrapolated from science.

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Side effects of having bulletproof skin?

In this world, there exist a race of humanoid people which, for simplicity, we'll call Rockfolk. Their skin is grey, and visually resembles stone. It is also exceptionally tough and durable, to th...

9 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by Makst‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Makst‭

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If there are water oceans, must there be oxygen in the atmosphere?

I am trying to create a planet that either has no oxygen in the air, or it has very little; i.e. not enough to sustain humans without the use of a breathing apparatus. Large portions of the planet ...

8 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by ECP‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by ECP‭

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How to create an annual celestial event for a world

Yesterday while Green, Andy and I were recording new episodes for the podcast we stumbled upon a bit of a problem that we need someone with physics/astronomy knowledge to help out with. We want to...

8 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by James‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by James‭

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Immune resistance to biological colonisation

I'm thinking of a plot where the Earth is taken over and literally eaten by a race of giant alien beings who use mass-energy conversions to power themselves (These guys are as big as the sun, body ...

6 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by Budhaditya Ghosh‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Budhaditya Ghosh‭

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What reasons could there be for cement not setting?

I'm writing a scene set on a construction site where the builders notice that the cement they pour is not setting: it just remains in its liquid state or it is taking a very long time to set. This ...

2 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by afilmforthefuture‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by afilmforthefuture‭

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What evolutionary advantages would limiting cells per organism give?

My previous question was how to classify a domain (now superdomain) of duocellular life named Duotorusa. Anyone who has taken high school biology know that all life on earth are divided into th...

2 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by JSCoder says Reinstate Monica‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by JSCoder says Reinstate Monica‭

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How can I keep sapient species away from each other?

Many other questions, as well as a few online sources, all agree that in order for me to have multiple sapient species in my world, they need to be either separated by a natural landscape or not a ...

14 answers  ·  posted 8y ago by Uncle Tres‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Uncle Tres‭

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What is a reasonable amount of population growth for 900 years?

Starting with about 500 humans and allowing for 900 years to pass, about how many people would there be at the end? (Just asking for a rough estimate, maybe a range.) Assuming: People are general...

7 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Alex MC‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Alex MC‭

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Effects of Rings - Debris?

I've been thinking about writing a fantasy novel set on an earth-like world with Saturn-like rings. I've been doing some research here by looking up questions about worlds with rings, of which ther...

1 answer  ·  posted 6y ago by Thomas Myron‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Thomas Myron‭

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How might a carnivorous species subsist on a cycle of cannibalism

Let's say a carnivorous species loses all available food sources, and they begin to eat one another to survive. Let us also say that prion diseases are not an issue for this particular predator. As...

17 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by Shanenopolis‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Shanenopolis‭

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What makes a dragon's scale so tough?

Many fantasy stories involve some variation of a dragon, and while there's a lot of variation in whether or not they fly, if they can breathe fire, how magical they are, etc., the strength of drago...

7 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by Jetscooters‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Jetscooters‭

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Would Floating Islands Dampen Waves on a Water World?

This is a water world with depths ranging from 2-3 kilometers deep up to vast shallows of only a few meters deep usually around volcanic islands, where there are coral islands not bigger than Hawai...

5 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by Dan Clarke‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Dan Clarke‭

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What would be the effects of a large moon?

I am considering writing a fantasy novel. This novel would be set on an earth-like planet, but certain story details require that the planet have either a much larger or much closer moon than Earth...

2 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by Thomas Myron‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Thomas Myron‭

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How to shield my spaceship against all that deadly radiation?

Spaceships are a peculiar thing. We've got them in all forms, sizes & colours. They are everywhere and go everywhere else. carrying with them anything from music, over tractors, to foodstuffs a...

7 answers  ·  posted 8y ago by dot_Sp0T‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by dot_Sp0T‭

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How could earth civilizations send 2000+ humans to Venus in six years?

Current Settings Humanity could no longer access earth for some reason (it could be anything from alien invasion, third world war, ecological disaster, etc) starting at 2028, and they know about t...

5 answers  ·  posted 8y ago by Hendrik Lie‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Hendrik Lie‭

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Which fast STL drive could not be weaponized or results in perpetual motion?

I'm looking for a slower-than-light (STL) drive for fast inter-system travel. It should make trips from one planet of a system to another (e.g. Earth, Mars, Jupiter) with sublight speed possible in...

19 answers  ·  posted 8y ago by Hothie‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Hothie‭

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What rough climate and/or biome classifications would I assign to a planet with 31.1 degrees axial tilt?

First, specifying format in this question I will be giving temperature ranges that sometimes appear backwards. This is because I am listing average temperature ranges from southern to northern lat...

1 answer  ·  posted 6y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭

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What realistic way could limit an FTL drive to only travelling between stars?

How could a Faster than light drive be limited to only travelling between different solar systems, and not within a solar system? I don't really want to allow travel between planets in the same sol...

29 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by VenusUberAlles‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by VenusUberAlles‭

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Life in extremely low gravity water

Let's assume the planet has only one half the mass of the moon and is covered by shallow ocean. To eliminate water pressure at extreme depths, assume the ocean is also quite shallow, with a maximum...

2 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by Armok‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Armok‭

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Why would an underwater creature remain lodged to its prey?

Enter the [Insert cool and awesome Latin name here] - this species is 3 times the size of a lobster from front to tail, and a powerful hunter. Operating in swarms, they are my worlds equivalent of ...

13 answers  ·  posted 8y ago by Aify‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Aify‭

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Ancient cryogenics

It's a few years from now, and an incredible breakthrough in medical science has occurred that allows doing an in-depth 3D analysis of a deceased person's body, allowing their brains and bodies to ...

3 answers  ·  posted 6y ago by forest‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by forest‭

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The Moon needs water--but how?

So SpaceX and the like are well underway to colonizing the Moon, but they've hit a snag. The colonists, of course, need water--and lots of it, for drinking, preparing food, growing plants, breathin...

7 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Ambrose Winters‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Ambrose Winters‭

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How would the maternity cycle of a Fairy work?

Writing about Fairies, the one thing I can't pin down is there reproductive cycle. My Fairies will be actual little mammals. Not just elementals who are born out of nature. I want them to have sim...

2 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Frances‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Frances‭

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Given atmospheric composition, density and scale height, planetary radius, and escape velocity, what is the lapse rate?

My planet Mass = 0.602 MEarth Radius = 0.870 REarth Density = 5.04 g/cm3 vesc = 9.3 km/s Temperature = 272 K My atmosphere 74.84% N2 22.04% O2 1.38% CH4 1.25% Ar 0.27% H2O 0.11% CO2 Mo...

1 answer  ·  posted 7y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭

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How would society function with only one male per generation?

Suppose an alternate reality where each human Society (country, clan, tribe, kingdom, or whatever) only give birth to one male per generation. That entire generation depend solely on that one male ...

10 answers  ·  posted 9y ago by Lorry Laurence mcLarry‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by Lorry Laurence mcLarry‭

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How could public key cryptography evolve in a biological system?

Pssst! Come here! Imagine an ecosystem where animals have evolved highly developed mimicry of each other's calls (perhaps they have the universal vocal apparatus discussed in earlier question...

4 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by JDługosz‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by JDługosz‭

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The Polar Pangaea

During the Permian and Triassic periods, all the continents had joined together to become the supercontinent Pangaea. Its size means that the majority of terrestrial life might have been confined ...

1 answer  ·  posted 9y ago by JohnWDailey‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by JohnWDailey‭

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Is there any planet modelling software?

I am searching for a software capable of creating any planet ( like universe sandbox) with the ability of shaping the landscape and adding tags to any coordinates I wish to in order to represent ci...

1 answer  ·  posted 9y ago by Alihan KayabaÅŸ‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Alihan KayabaÅŸ‭

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Why build space habitats on/within moons?

Consider yourself a decision maker for a fledgling space infrastructure project. You've been tasked with establishing the first few extraterrestrial colonies for your species. What aspects of the...

5 answers  ·  posted 9y ago by Jim2B‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Jim2B‭

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A Possible Celestial Object Hidden from the Bright Side of a Tidally Locked Planet

So I decided to revive an old project which I was seeking assistance a year ago on the realism of the worldbuilding. WB links from the past: Reality of a tidally locked planet and Slowly Sculpting...

6 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Yinnes‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Yinnes‭

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Red clouds with a blue sky

Is there anything that could change the colors of the clouds while still maintaining the sky blue? Or any other color for the clouds, except blue. You can use our solar system as a basis for this. ...

4 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Zaizer zazza‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Zaizer zazza‭

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What are the implications of multiple cooperating intelligent species with different spectral ranges for vision?

Suppose you had two intelligent species that came together and built a society or whatever. For the sake of example, we'll call them species A and species B. Species A evolved to see some subset of...

4 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Beefster‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Beefster‭

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What qualities could a hominid evolve to make it a better farmer?

BACKGROUND I'm working on a medieval world in which homo sapiens domesticated several other species of intelligent hominids during their prehistory, at first enslaving them to take advantage of sp...

11 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Random‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Random‭

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How do I design the solar transit of a hot Jupiter?

BACKGROUND The world I'm designing currently has a gas giant of the type known as a hot Jupiter orbiting close to the sun and causing solar flares. I would like the inhabitants of my Earth-like wo...

2 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Random‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Random‭

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How much gas can my planet retain in its atmosphere, based on its mass?

My planet Jasmi is 0.602 MEarth and, according to the wonderful u/shagomir's Planet Calculator Pro spreadsheet, I need to retain enough gas for just over 5 atm of pressure at sea level for a suitab...

1 answer  ·  posted 7y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭

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How could it be possible to exert gravity without mass?

Some of what I read in How could a 4D organism influence events in our world made me think in a different direction about a question I asked before. I'm trying to create a large sphere shaped fiel...

6 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Len‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Len‭

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How would the landscape appear under the influence of extreme windstorms?

I'm building a world with almost weekly extreme windstorms, driving the residents to either live underground or in the 'wind shadow' of sealed-off valleys. To sum up the windstorms' power, "You kno...

5 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by otto‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by otto‭

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Industrial Prerequisites for Mechanized Warfare (Post-Apocalypse Edition)

So the Human World has fallen apart: the grid is down, governments have imploded, the economy is in shambles, people have died in the billions, global warming has made severe weather (much more) co...

7 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Geoffrey Carlton‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Geoffrey Carlton‭

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Drop capsule shape

Sci-fi setting where cargo is being shipped to colony worlds. If a spaceship has to land and take off again, that costs a lot of money, so that mode of transport is reserved for people and urgent, ...

6 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by rwallace‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by rwallace‭

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corrected projections: Is this world map realistic? I tried to use plate tectonics to inform my mountain and island chain placements

1 degree of latitude = 96.57 km. Equirectangular projections. (Yes, I need to revise the polar regions to make sure they don't get squished.) Obliquity of Jasmi: +31.1 degrees. Radius of Jasm...

2 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭

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How to give my singing creatures a beautiful voice?

My world contains a race of creature that does not speak to communicate, they sing. They are humanoids, living in similar conditions as humans. They are intelligent, they have a complex langage, ...

2 answers  ·  posted 9y ago by Tyrabel‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Tyrabel‭

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How could a human like species adapt to change colour?

So in my world I've got a mostly human like species but they've evolved to camouflage, specifically colour change. The world is an earth-like medieval fantasy. The different parts that appear to ch...

2 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by ArcWraith‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by ArcWraith‭

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What atmospheric composition do I need to sustain Earth-like temperatures at my planet's orbital distance; how close should my asteroid belt be?

I need to heat my planet and I've decided that the two most plausible and controllable ways to do so are by increasing the amount of bombardment by meteoroids from a nearby asteroid belt, and by ti...

2 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Rúnatál Davino‭

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If the rain all fell at once, how would Earth be different?

If all the rain for the next 24 hours fell in one go, say over 5 seconds, how would the world be different? We're assuming the same volume of rain falls in each place on the Earth as does now, for...

4 answers  ·  posted 8y ago by Tim‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Tim‭

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Would crystal-asteroids filled with a gas like iodine be plausible to refract light into making a coloured sky?

So I would like a coloured sky in my world, but I want it to be plausible. I'm not so good at science and the like but I've been doing a lot of research. If crystal-like asteroids filled with col...

1 answer  ·  posted 7y ago by graeciamagna‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by graeciamagna‭

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Seasonal progression for an Earth-like planet with wobbly axis tilt?

I'll try to keep this question as concise as I can, but I'm not great with technical jargon, so a simplified answer would be greatly appreciated. Here's the set up: I have binary star system with...

3 answers  ·  posted 9y ago by z2a‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by z2a‭

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Could ancient seeds buried deep in subsoil sprout given the right conditions?

A friend of mine was telling me about a story where a man clear cut a diverse ecosystem of plants in an area similar to size and shape of a small caldera (not necessarily a caldera itself). Eventu...

3 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Carlo‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Carlo‭

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What mass would it take to turn Jupiter into a star?

I'm writing a science fiction story based on: turning Jupiter into a star. colliding Callisto and/or Io into Ganymede to increase mass and changing the orbit to provide warmth, atmosphere, and r...

2 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Richard Servatius‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Richard Servatius‭

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Can a fission satellite duplicate the radiance frequencies of a star?

I sometimes think about the arrogant dwarf starsmiths in the question. How to blow up a star by accident? I pose the question in the voice of the dwarf, probably because I am hungry for down votes...

2 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Willk‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Willk‭

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Could anabolic steroids be used among colonists in a low gravity environment to prevent extreme atrophy?

Is it conceivable that colonists/astronauts on a long term mission in a low gravity environment might use a low dose of an anabolic steroid (such as Equipoise) to prevent extreme atrophy in their m...

3 answers  ·  posted 7y ago by Mike Ackerman‭  ·  last activity 7y ago by Mike Ackerman‭