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Q&A

General Q&A about worldbuilding and other speculative developments that can be extrapolated from science.

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What factors would allow for two dominant species on a world?

On Earth humanity has taken the dominant role (excluding dolphins and mice of course). We know of conflicts in pre-history where our ancestors have overtaken other species and slowly wiped them out...

5 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Liath‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Liath‭

evolution
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What if every animal as large as, or larger than, a horse, went extinct during the last Ice Age?

Inspired by this comment: What if every animal as large as, or larger than, a ice-age vintage horse, except for those that are acclimated to cold climates, went extinct during the last Ice Age? I...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Malady‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Malady‭

environment reality-check fauna
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How could animals evolve like they do in Pokémon?

In Pokemon, there are many different creatures. Nearly all of them will, at one point, reach a level of experience where they evolve into a more advanced creature. These evolutions are much more dr...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by michaelpri‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by michaelpri‭

evolution fauna
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How would the appearance of Earth from orbit change when it would be rendered uninhabitable?

Through extreme pollution and large-scale warfare with atomic, biological and chemical weapons Earth has become completely unable to sustain life. The atmosphere is toxic, the water undrinkable and...

6 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Philipp‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Philipp‭

apocalypse post-apocalypse earth
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How long would a planet take to recover from a large asteroid impact?

As part of my world's planetary history, an asteroid impact has delivered a sizable quantity of a previously unknown metal to the planet Earth. By sizable I mean a deposit large enough to sustain a...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Weirdy_Beardy‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Weirdy_Beardy‭

environment apocalypse post-apocalypse
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Long-term ecological effects of a global (but strategic) thermonuclear war

I'm currently toying with a post-nuclear apocalypse, with most, if not all, human survivors living in underground bunkers or vaults, and probably away from previous population centers"”my test case...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by Jeremy Avalon‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Jeremy Avalon‭

environment apocalypse post-apocalypse radiation
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Evolution of a naturally invisible predator

I'd like to tip my hat to this week's fortnightly challenge with this question by revisiting an old one. I asked a question about the Science behind a naturally invisible creature a while ago. At ...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Frostfyre‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Frostfyre‭

evolution invisibility
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Evolution of a naturally invisible prey

I'd like to tip my hat to this week's fortnightly challenge with this question by revisiting an old one. I asked a question about the Science behind a naturally invisible creature a while ago. At ...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Frostfyre‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Frostfyre‭

evolution invisibility
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Could a species evolve intellgence and technology without Love?

There are lots of posts speculating about a planet (or whatever) where life evolves intelligence and goes on to produce technology, under different differences lacking something or another that is ...

5 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by JDługosz‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by JDługosz‭

environment society creature-design technological-development
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Can a planet hit by a meteor shatter into two pieces? Alternately, if not a meteor, an advanced interstellar weapon?

First, is it possible for a planet hit be a meteor to shatter into two pieces?. Then, can the two pieces remain in orbit? Especially, can they develop a sort of co-orbit around each other?

6 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Sykik‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Sykik‭

planets
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How would different kinds of eyes (polycoria, differently shaped pupils, etc.) work?

These questions are a sort of follow up of my question about white pupils. I'm designing some other creatures whose defining traits involve "weird" eyes: How would a creature with oddly shaped pu...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by Hawkpelt‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Hawkpelt‭

biology creature-design
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Are religion, emotion, and individuality binding factors for evolution of a technology-based society?

If you look at our society, you can see why we developed technology. Each individual wanted an easier life, therefore we invented tools and overcame obstacles to achieve this easier life. One could...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭

society intelligence technological-development
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A Very Selective Tragedy

I need to find a way to explain away the simultaneous quiet deaths in the night of a couple of thousand people worldwide such that (were this the only thing to happen, of course) nobody would ever ...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by AdamHovorka‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by AdamHovorka‭

death
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How to make the orcs meet these biological standards?

This is loosely linked to my nature Mage questions. In my fantasy world I want a race of Orcs. These are the characteristics they have to have: Stand between 6 and 7 feet tall Have crude weapons ...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭

biology reality-check races creature-design
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Is metal-based, or other non-carbon-based, life realistic?

One science fiction short story I read (I don't remember the title or author, sorry!) featured some small creatures (unnamed) that were formed from metal, with the argument that "just like life dev...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Shokhet‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Shokhet‭

biology reality-check
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Could just a few humans recreate society?

In my scenario, a tremendous war wipes most of the humanity. While pockets survive here and there, the biggest part lives in one city, totaling around 3000 to 5000 survivors. It is also important t...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Docteur‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Docteur‭

society earth survival
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Air transport breaks down

How much would the gravitational force (on earth) have to increase to make air-travel impractical (not impossible as escape by space flight to other planets would be a nice option). But to a point ...

4 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Martin York‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Martin York‭

travel gravity
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Effects of suspended animation

Major Camila de Ocampo, "La Comandante", wakes with a start. As she's been trained to do when coming out of stasis, she flexes each muscle, beginning with her toes until she finally finishes by rai...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by Seth‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Seth‭

space travel biology reality-check space-travel
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Opening the Windows, In Space

I recently envisioned a fight scene in which the three main characters are in a bar on a spaceship when about a dozen space marines ambush them. They take cover behind the bar, but without weapons ...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by DaaaahWhoosh‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by DaaaahWhoosh‭

space spaceships vacuum ships
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How would an intelligent race on a methane world achieve a fire equivalent?

Linked: What would the conditions on a methane world be like? What would animal life on a methane world look like and how would it evolve? Background: Okay, an intelligent race has evolved on a...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭

environment planets civilization intelligence
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Do Xenobiologists exist?

Are there scientists currently, who could describe their specialization as "xenobiologist" or are they merely a thing of science-fiction? Assuming an alien is discovered today, and willing to coope...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by SF.‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by SF.‭

reality-check
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How would life on the satellite of a Super-Jupiter be? Is it even possible for such a satellite to be habitable?

Recently I had an idea for a world setting. A large part of this world focuses around a habitable satellite the size of Earth orbiting a Super-Jupiter. The fact that it's a moon is pretty integral ...

5 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Arcoloid‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Arcoloid‭

astronomy planets moons
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How would the global environment of a completely urbanized city-planet be affected?

Related: How would a completely urbanized city-planet support its population? How a completely urbanized city-planet be maintained? Why would a completely urbanized city-planet exist? The prope...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by neph‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by neph‭

environment planets urban
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What would the conditions on a methane world be like?

The picture above is a representation of a Methane Earth. I pulled it from this Wikipedia article on alternative solvents. Several questions deal with whether life would be possible on a world w...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭

planets
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What effects would there be for a hole in Earth

Imagine the Earth is struck by a laser/magic beam capable of piercing it and leaving a lasting hole. What effects would observed? Would there be a difference between the hole(s) being made in the o...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by Memor-X‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Memor-X‭

planets
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How could climate be extremely localized?

What could be the reasons for climate to be so localized that it could rain in one street and not in the next, be extremely hot in a city and not in the next, have extremely narrow gusts of wind......

5 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Sheraff‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Sheraff‭

climate
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How would two planets with identical but perpendicular orbits affect each other?

I'm exploring this idea for a fantasy world, and I was wondering how these planets would affect each other. The system would feature orbits in all three dimensions, not relatively flat like ours is...

4 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Xethaios‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Xethaios‭

astronomy planets physics orbits
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What would happen if Earth's oxygen reached the Sun?

The Scenario: The Sun is eternal. We are producing much more oxygen than we need. First off, would the atmosphere grow, or would it just become much more dense? Given the circumstances, if th...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Dexus‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Dexus‭

atmosphere stars earth oxygen fire
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Rapid Planetary Colonization: How to Build a City, Fast

In a futuristic sci-fi world (galaxy?) I'm building, warfare has become highly regulated and commercialized. When two corporations meet on a deserted planet to do battle, they're followed by all so...

9 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by DaaaahWhoosh‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by DaaaahWhoosh‭

planets cities colonization
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How to build a planet

Without giving spoilers, this idea comes from the movie Titan A.E. How would one create an Earth-like planet in a reasonable time frame (100-250 years) that has both the gravity of Earth and a magn...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by JDSweetBeat‭

planets gravity
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Can an ice age last for only 40 years?

The long-term theory of climate patterns states that the Earth experiences an ice age, freezing over and remaining so for about 40 years, before returning to a normal, seasonal climate. My question...

4 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Ray Moschetti‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Ray Moschetti‭

earth-like climate earth
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What kind of entertainment would be possible in a microbiological world?

Imagine a world in which the structures and resources are our own organs, tissues and cells. The society would be run by special cells and living microorganisms. My inspiration is from the animati...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by gibertoni‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by gibertoni‭

biology society
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How feasible is it to expect a major breakthrough that allows us sci-fi space travel (and related tech)?

After reading hours on here, I stumbled upon alot of answers that rely on some major changes in our understanding of space and time and its tech to allow us control antimatter or some future thrust...

5 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Buni‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Buni‭

physics technology technological-development
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Martian minerals

What minerals can we find in martian soil? Or what rare minerals can we find on our planet and can be placed beneath Mars? How deep, how much, and most important: how precious. I really appreciate ...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by not7CD‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by not7CD‭

geology mars
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How well could we counter global cooling?

The earth is migrating, somehow (it doesn't matter how, but it's not directly destructive) into a higher orbit over the course of a century. Details: The earth-sun distance will increase by 150...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by frodoskywalker‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by frodoskywalker‭

climate earth
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Terraforming a very cold planet?

One of the solution to make a cold planet habitable for us is to increase the greenhouse effect. It works with planets like Mars that are inside the habitable zone but would it be enough for a plan...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Vincent‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Vincent‭

climate planets terraforming
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How long would a modern human population need to be separated in order to suffer allopatric speciation?

A sizeable human population was separated from the rest of the Earth people for a long time, long enough for allopatric speciation to happen. They are no longer Homo sapiens and now have ZERO repro...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Mindwin‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Mindwin‭

evolution humans
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Could we transport matter to other planets with a charged particle beam?

Instead of flying say tons of metal and/or water and other raw materials/molecular matter to the Moon or Mars, could we shoot it there in ionized form by accelerating these sufficiently? Maybe sub...

5 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by masterxilo‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by masterxilo‭

space reality-check physics
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In a world without electricity, can we still go to space?

A weird question. But let me define "a world without electricity": It's not that we haven't discovered electricity. But rather, electricity doesn't work anymore. Nothing conducts electricity. El...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by Cygnus‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Cygnus‭

environment space technology electricity city
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What would the orbit of the Earth be like if we constantly sent our waste to the Sun?

Let's say we get a cheap technology to collect and then send (hypothetically all) our waste to the Sun by a rocket, and we choose this technology as the main (and only) method to utilize our waste....

4 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by alex‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by alex‭

space physics orbital-mechanics
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Effects of visiting other planets

I'm wondering what adverse effects might be felt by someone from a planet with, say, 80% of Earth's gravity and a denser, but breathable, atmosphere with a higher concentration of oxygen visiting a...

2 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Jetscooters‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Jetscooters‭

earth-like atmosphere planets gravity earth
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Could life be sustained purely from a gas?

Could life be sustained only by a gas? Humans need food, water and air but can a ET or Alien could just live off gas.

4 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by CrazySlayaNinjaBear‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by CrazySlayaNinjaBear‭

biology aliens
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Lighter-Than-Air-Bridge II: Tethered Gondolas

Would something like this be feasible? Span of bridge is approximately 5km. Height above canyon floor is approximately 800 meters (1/2 mile). Bridge structurally close to neutral. Tethered dirigi...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by clarkland‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by clarkland‭

earth-like construction earth megastructures gas
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Can I cage Earth?

Given the resources available on Earth, can we erect a colossal cage to envelope the entire planet? [Conditions] must covers the entire globe in a single non breaking element. brave any kinds of...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by user6760‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by user6760‭

earth
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What would the world be like after 10,000 years if we all suddenly disappeared?

My story involves everyone in the year 2015 suddenly disappearing. What would visitors to Earth find if they arrived in the year 12015, or 10,000 years after we all disappeared? Assume none of our ...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Mark Micallef‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Mark Micallef‭

geography technology alternate-worlds
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What would happen if Earth had oceans of dense gas instead of water?

Ignoring the fact that we need water in order to survive, what would happen if all of the "oceans" on Earth were filled with a dense non-reactive gas (e.g. xenon or sulfur hexafluoride) instead of ...

3 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Ethan Strider‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Ethan Strider‭

earth-like climate atmosphere geography earth
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What would the Universe be like if gravity was slightly stronger?

As the title says, what would the universe be like if the gravitational force was 0.1% stronger but the other forces (strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetic force) stayed the same? Would t...

1 answer  ·  posted 10y ago by Beta Decay‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Beta Decay‭

gravity universe
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A discriminating lightsaber?

In a type III civilization probably even type II, would have developed solid energy construct resembles force shield which acts like a semi-permeable membrane to allow friend to pass but prohibit s...

4 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by user6760‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by user6760‭

stars civilization energy
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What could cause rock formations (small stones, boulders, islands...) to levitate?

You see this in quite a bunch of movies / books (think avatar). What could be a reasoned physical explanation of such phenomenon? Would this explanation impact other things on a planet? Like most...

8 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Sheraff‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Sheraff‭

biology physics
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Can the Earth drag the Moon into its atmosphere?

Can the gravitational pull of Earth drag the Moon into Earth's atmosphere? Likewise, can the gravitational pull of the Sun drag Earth into the Sun's atmosphere? If that can happen, what will happen...

4 answers  ·  posted 10y ago by Akshay Vasu‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by Akshay Vasu‭

moons gravity earth